Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Respiratory Tract Diseases/etiology , Charcoal/adverse effects , Occupational Exposure/adverse effects , Air Pollutants, Occupational/adverse effects , Lung/physiology , Occupational Diseases/etiology , Respiratory Tract Diseases/diagnosis , Respiratory Tract Diseases/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Cohort Studies , Occupational Diseases/diagnosis , Occupational Diseases/epidemiologyABSTRACT
A pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of biochar on the abundance of soil bacteria and compare it with the source biomass. Seven different treatments and a control were used in the experimental set-up. Three different types of biomass were selected and three types of biochar were produced from them. Both the materials were applied to the soil at a rate of 5t/ha. All treatments were incubated for 30, 60 and 90 days. Cultural, microscopic and biochemical tests were carried out to identify the bacterial isolates in soils treated with biochar and its source biomass. Bacterial isolates identified in soil and in some of the biomasses before treatments were applied include Bacillus badius, Bacillus krulwichiae, Bacillus siralis, Bacillus sylvestris, Bacillus flexus, Aneurinibacillus aneurinilyticus and Bacillus thuringiensis while after incubation periods, seven new isolates were identified. This was true for the biomass treated soils where additional one to two isolates reappeared. Conversely, in the biochar treated soils, most of the isolates disappeared except Bacillus badius that survived in all soils till 90 days. Because of its tolerant nature, it was further investigated for cellulase enzyme activity. Interestingly, the isolate did not show any such activity. Conclusively, biochar application may exert negative effect on the distribution and proliferation of soil bacteria with possible effect on soil quality and crop production.
Subject(s)
Bacillus/classification , Bacillus/drug effects , Bacillus/metabolism , Cellulase , Charcoal/adverse effects , Charcoal/physiology , Soil/microbiology , Soil MicrobiologySubject(s)
Female , Humans , Young Adult , Charcoal/adverse effects , Intubation, Gastrointestinal/adverse effects , Pneumothorax/etiology , Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation/administration & dosage , Instillation, Drug , Paroxetine/administration & dosage , Pleural Effusion/etiology , Suicide, AttemptedABSTRACT
En esta investigación se pretende estimular el desarrollo de protocormos de Masdevallia coccinea y Maxillaria nutans bajo condiciones in vitro utilizando diferentes concentraciones de ácido indol acético y carbón activado. El protocolo obtenido es una alternativa de la conservación de orquídeas que se encuentran en vías de extinción, y además permite contribuir con el mejoramiento medioambiental. En la evaluación del desarrollo vegetativo bajo condiciones in vitro de los protocormos de Masdevallia coccinea y Maxillaria nutans, orquídeas en vías de extinción, se obtuvo que solamente Maxillaria nutans alcanzará su desarrollo exitoso mediante el cultivo in vitro en el medio Murashige y Skoog (1962), donde se evaluó el efecto de la interacción entre el carbón activado (0,0; 0,5, 1,0 % (p/v)) y el ácido indol acético (0,0; 0,5; 1,0 mg/L-1). El medio de cultivo empleado fue enriquecido con sacarosa al 3% y el Myo inositol al 0,1 g/L-1. Los protocormos de Masdevallia coccinea evidenciaron que se encontraban inmaduros, situación por la cual no lograron su desarrollarlo vegetativo en el experimento planteado, en atención a que se encontraban en el periodo de latencia. Por esta razón, es de gran importancia tener en cuenta que las cápsulas de las orquídeas deben estar bien maduras, a fin de garantizar que los protocormos que se forman in vitro sean maduros y completen con facilidad su morfofisiológía. Mientras que los protocormos de Maxillaria nutans dieron un mayor rendimiento en su desarrollo vegetativo. En esta investigación se determinó que el efecto de la interacción de 0,5% de carbón activado con 0,5 mg/L-1 de AIA es positivo sobre la tasa de crecimiento para el desarrollo de los protocormos de Maxillaria nutans bajo condiciones in vitro.
The evaluation of protocorms growth of Masdevallia coccinea and Maxillaria nutans under in vitro conditions, endangered orchids, it got only Maxillaria nutans reached its successful development by culture in vitro in Murashige and Skoog (1962), which evaluated the effect of the interaction between the activated carbon (0.0, 0.5, 1,0% (w / v)) and indole acetic acid (0.0, 0.5, 1.0 mg.L-1). The culture medium used was enriched with 3% sucrose and 0.1 g/L-1 Myo inositol. Protocorms of Masdevallia coccinea, showed that they were immature, state why they did not achieve their vegetative development in the experiment raised, considering that they were in the latency period. It is therefore very important to note that the capsules of the orchid should be ripe, to ensure that protocorms formed in vitro are mature and they respond with ease morphphysiology development. While protocorms of Maxillaria nutans, gave a higher yield in its vegetative development. This research found that the interaction effect of 0.5% activated carbon with 0.5 mg/L-1 of IAA is positive on the growth rate for the development of Maxillaria nutans protocorms under in vitro conditions. The protocol obtained in this investigation is an alternative of conservation of orchids that are endangered and can contribute to further environmental improvement.
Subject(s)
Charcoal/administration & dosage , Charcoal/analysis , Charcoal/adverse effects , Charcoal/pharmacokinetics , Charcoal/pharmacology , Charcoal/chemistry , Charcoal/chemical synthesis , CharcoalABSTRACT
Ya en el siglo XVI Paracelso escribió: cualquier sustancia puede ser tóxica y todo depende de la dosis administrada. La intoxicaciones son un motivo frecuente de consulta, el 82 por ciento de ellas se producen vía digestiva, el 70 por ciento del total son de tal gravedad, que requieren hospitalización y de éstas la mitad debe hacerlo en Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Charcoal/administration & dosage , Dialysis/methods , Ipecac/administration & dosage , Poisoning/therapy , Charcoal , Charcoal/adverse effects , Charcoal/pharmacology , Ipecac/adverse effects , Ipecac , Ipecac/pharmacology , Gastric Lavage/methodsABSTRACT
O desenvolvimento de pneumopatia profissional em operarios de industrias de material abrasivo e incomun, sendo ate recentemente considerada a silica como causadora da pneumoconiose. Analisamos 22 operarios destas industrias em que se detectaram alteracoes radiograficas de torax. Todos eram do sexo masculino, com idades variando de 29 a 59 anos. Dezenove trabalhavam na producao de carbeto de silicio, tres na producao de oxido de aluminio e um em ambos, tendo ficado expostos por um periodo de 8 a 27 anos. As alteracoes radiologicas (ILO-80) predominantes foram pequenas opacidades em 20 pacientes. Associacao de grandes e pequenas opacidades foram observadas em um caso e grandes opacidades isoladamente em um. As pequenas opacidades foram predominantemente difusas e arredondadas. Nos dois doentes com grandes opacidades, estas se enquadravam como categoria B. Conclui-se que operarios em industrias de abrasivos encontram-se sob risco de desenvolvimento de pneumopatia profissional mais provavelmente desencadeada pela inalacao de carbeto de silicio.